(Ship Cold)
Available Dosage Strengths
10 mg / 0.2 mg / 3.75 per 0.1 mL spray
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Synapsin®_Methylcobalamin_Alpha-GPC Nasal Spray Description1-7
Synapsin®_Methylcobalamin_Alpha-GPC Nasal Spray is a compounded prescription formulation designed to support neurological health and cognitive function. It is provided nasally to bypass the blood brain barrier and to allow the drug to get into the brain. The active components of the formulation are ginsenoside Rg3, nicotinamide riboside, methylcobalamin, and alpha-glycerylphosphorylcholine (GPC).
Ginsenoside Rg31,2
There are over 100 ginsenosides provided by the ginseng plant. Ginsenoside Rg3 the most studied ginsenoside is made up of Panax ginseng and may have significant pharmacological activity including hepatoprotection, neuroprotection, and support of immune functions. It may have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor effects. The major ginsenosides (Rb1, Rb2, and Rd) can be readily converted into ginsenoside Rg3.
Nicotinamide Riboside3,4
Nicotinamide riboside is form of vitamin B3. It is a powerful NAD+ booster similar to nicotinamide and nicotinic acid. Nicotinamide riboside may help neurodegenerative disease, metabolic disorders and cardiac fibrosis. Specifically, nicotinamide riboside may benefit the inflammation that is seen with Alzheimer’s disease or other neurodegenerative disease. In patients with Alzheimer’s disease NAD+ is depleted or has decreased, there may be neuroinflammation and patients may have cellular injury with proinflammatory cytokines.
Methylcobalamin5,6
Vitamin B12 comes in different forms (cyanocobalamin, methylcobalamin, hydroxocobalamin and adenosylcobalamin). Adenosylcobalamin and methylcobalamin are active forms of vitamin B12. Cyanocobalamin is a synthetic form of vitamin B12. The difference between cyanocobalamin and methylcobalamin is that in methylcobalamin a methyl group replaces the cyano group. Methylcobalamin is important for nerve health (maintenance of the myelin sheath), brain function and the production of red blood cells.
Alpha-Glycerylphosphorylcholine7
Choline is an essential compound need for the functioning body. It is an important part of the neuronal phospholipid bilayer which functions for signal transduction and methylation of DNA, histones and neurons. Choline levels can be increased by supplementing with the compound alpha-glycerylphosphorylcholine (GPC). Choline is essential for synthesizing phosphatidylcholine, a key component of cell membranes, and acetylcholine. Acetylcholine is a neurotransmitter that supports memory, attention, and skeletal muscle contraction. Increased acetylcholine may facilitate increased cognition, learning and memory.
Ginsenoside Rg31,2
Ginsenoside actionss to decrease inflammation in neurogenerative diseases is related to its effect on signaling pathways such as activator protein 1 and protein kinase A and the regulation of inflammatory mediators such as cytokines and nitric oxide. Ginsenosides may improve learning and memory through their effect on signaling pathways and mediators. It is thought that ginsenoside may reduce neuroinflammation and promote survival.
Nicotinamide Riboside3,4
Nicotinamide riboside increases intracellular NAD+ levels. NAD+ is critical for metabolism and physiological function. It accepts electrons during metabolic reactions to become NADH (reduced form). NADH uses the electron to donate ot other molecules. This is important for ATP production in the body. This process occurs during glycolysis, fatty acid oxidation, and the TCA cycle. There is a continuous conversion of NAD+ to NADH in cells in the body which is critical for energy flow. NAD+ is also important for sirtuin regulation (DNA repair, inflammation processes, and fat metabolism). It is a substrate for PARPs (poly (ADP-ribose) polymerases) (repair of damaged DNA) and is important to prevent neurodegenerative processes.
Methylcobalamin5,6
Vitamin B12 is important for division and growth of cells in the body. It is converted to coenzyme B12 in the body and in this form facilitates the conversion of homocysteine to methionine (methylcobalamin) and plays an important role in converting methylmalonyl-coenzyme A to succinyl-Co-A (fatty acid and amino acid metabolism). Without coenzyme B12, tetrahydrofolate cannot be produced from 5-methyl tetrahydrofolate leading to folate deficiency. In addition, vitamin B12 is needed to produce myelin (surronds nerves) and is important for axon and nerve development.
Alpha-Glycerylphosphorylcholine7
Choline levels have been found to increase after the supplementation of alpha-glycerylphosphorylcholine. Increased choline can increase acetylcholine levels, via choline acyltransferase. Acetylcholine can sequester in vesicles of the cytosol of presynaptic cholinergic neurons. Acetylcholine is then released into the synaptic cleft to bind with receptors on presynaptic and postsynaptic neurons. In this way, increased levels of acetylcholine can increase cholinergic neurotransmission and improve diminished in cognitive impairment.
Common8-10
Nasal irritation, stinging sensation upon administration, headache, flushing, insomnia
Contraindications8-10
Known intolerance or hypersensitivity to Ginsenoside Rg3, Nicotinamide Riboside, Methylcobalamin, or Alpha-Glycerylphosphorylcholine
Precautions8-10
Store in the refrigerator at 2°C to 8°C (36°F to 46°F). Protect from light and keep the bottle upright. Before using allow the spray to reach room temperature to minimize nasal discomfort.
This information is for educational purposes only. This compounded product has not been reviewed, approved, or evaluated by the Food and Drug Administration for safety and effectiveness. This product is not intended to diagnose, treat, cure, or prevent any disease. No claims are made regarding treatment, cure, or prevention of any disease or condition.
This information may not cover all possible drug information about this product. Call your doctor for medical advice and/or about side effects. You may report side effects to the FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088. A Wells Pharmacy Network pharmacist will be happy to answer any questions. For consultation, please call 1-800-622-4510.
